What is an intravenous pyelogram (IVP)?

IVP是一种用于检查肾脏和输尿管的影像学检查. The 输尿管是将尿液从肾脏输送到肾脏的狭窄管道 bladder.

在测试过程中，放射科医生会在你的 veins. 他或她使用x射线图像来观察造影剂的运动 从肾脏进入输尿管，然后进入膀胱.

染料移动太慢或根本不动可能意味着你有堵塞 in the blood flow through a kidney. It may also mean that the kidney, 输尿管或膀胱没有正常工作.

如果您的医疗保健提供者认为您可能患有这种疾病，则可以要求进行此测试 kidney disease or a urinary tract problem.

x射线使用少量的辐射来成像你的骨骼和 internal organs. An IVP is one type of X-ray.

该检查可与肾脏CT扫描同时进行 (urography). The CT scan also uses contrast dye. It makes images that show layers or “slices” of the kidney.

Why might I need an intravenous pyelogram?

IVP可以向您的医疗保健提供者显示血管的大小、形状和结构 your kidneys, ureters, and bladder. You may need this test if your provider suspects that you have:

• Kidney disease

• Ureter or bladder stones

• Enlarged prostate

• Trauma or injury to the urinary tract

• Tumors

你的医生也可以用这个测试来找出腹部疼痛的原因 pain spasms in the kidney area.

肾脏的CT扫描将对肾脏作出更准确的诊断 tumors or kidney problems caused by trauma.

您的医疗保健提供者可能有其他原因推荐静脉注射.

What are the risks of an intravenous pyelogram?

你可能需要向你的医疗保健提供者询问辐射的量 used during the test. Also ask about the risks as they apply to you.

考虑写下你拍过的所有x光片，包括过去的扫描和x光片 for other health reasons. Show this list to your provider. The risks of 辐射暴露可能与你接受x射线的次数和 X-ray treatments you have over time.

Tell your healthcare provider if you:

• Are pregnant or think you may be. Radiation exposure during pregnancy may lead to birth defects.

• 对任何药物过敏或敏感，造影剂，或 iodine. 因为使用了造影剂，所以有过敏的风险 reaction to the dye.

• Have kidney failure or other kidney problems. In some cases, the contrast dye can cause kidney failure. You are at higher risk for this if you take certain diabetes medicines.

可能的并发症还包括排尿问题和 urinary tract infections.

根据您的具体健康状况，您可能会有其他风险. Talk 在手术前与你的医生讨论你的任何问题.

Certain things can make this test less accurate. These include:

• You have stool or gas in your colon

• You have poor blood flow to the kidneys

• 最近的钡检查显示你的肠子里有钡

How do I get ready for an intravenous pyelogram?

• 您的医疗保健提供者将向您解释手术过程. Ask him or her any questions you have about the procedure.

• 你可能会被要求签署一份允许你做某事的同意书 the procedure. Read the form carefully and ask questions if anything is not clear.

• 按照指示不要吃东西或喝水 before surgery.

• 如果你怀孕了或认为你可能怀孕了，告诉你的医疗保健提供者 be.

• 如果你对造影剂过敏，告诉你的医疗保健提供者 or iodine.

• 告诉你的医疗保健提供者你是否对 对任何药物、乳胶、胶带或麻醉药物过敏 (local and general).

• 告诉你的医疗保健提供者你正在服用的所有药物. 这包括处方药、非处方药和草药 supplements..

• 如果你有出血性疾病，告诉你的医疗保健提供者. 如果你正在服用血液稀释药物，也要告诉你的医生 (抗凝血剂)，阿司匹林或其他影响血液的药物 clotting.

• 你需要在考试前一晚吃泻药，然后 检查前几小时清洗灌肠剂或栓剂.

• 你可能需要做一个血液测试，看看你的肾脏状况如何 react to the contrast dye.

• 遵循您的医疗保健提供者给您的任何其他指示 get ready.

What happens during an intravenous pyelogram?

你可以在门诊或住院期间做IVP. 测试的方式可能会根据你的情况和你的 healthcare provider's practices.

Generally, an IVP follows this process:

1. 你会被要求摘掉任何可能 get in the way of the test.

2. You may be asked to remove clothing. If so, you will be given a gown to wear.

3. 将在您的手或手臂上插入静脉注射管.

4. 你将被要求脸朝上躺在x光台上.

5. 放射科医生会给你的肾脏，输尿管，还有 bladder.

6. 放射科医生将把造影剂注入静脉. You may 感觉脸红，嘴里有咸味或金属味， a brief headache, itching, or nausea or vomiting. These effects usually last for a few moments.

7. 放射科医生会在染料移动时拍一系列x光片 through the kidneys and urinary tract. This usually lasts about 30 minutes. 你可能会被要求在x光检查时改变姿势 taken.

8. You will be asked to empty your bladder. You may be given a bedpan or urinal. Or you may be allowed to use the restroom.

9. 你排空膀胱后，放射科医生会给你拍一张 最后拍x光看看膀胱里还有多少造影剂.

What happens after an intravenous pyelogram?

You don't need any special care after an IVP. You may go back to your usual 饮食和活动，除非你的医疗保健提供者有不同的建议.

记录你喝了多少液体，排出了多少尿液 over the next day (24 hours). You may be told to drink more fluids to help flush the contrast dye from your body.

如果发生以下任何一种情况，请立即致电您的医疗保健提供者:

• Fever or chills

• 静脉注射部位出现红肿、出血或其他分泌物

• Blood in your urine

• Nausea, hives, itching, or sneezing

您的医疗保健提供者可能会根据您的病情给您其他指示 situation.

Next steps

在您同意测试或程序之前，请确保您知道:

• The name of the test or procedure

• The reason you are having the test or procedure

• What results to expect and what they mean

• The risks and benefits of the test or procedure

• 可能的副作用或并发症是什么

• 你在何时何地进行测试或程序

• 谁来做测试或程序，那个人是什么 qualifications are

• 如果你不做检查或不做手术会怎么样

• Any alternative tests or procedures to think about

• When and how will you get the results

• 如果您有任何问题或疑问，在测试或程序后打电话给谁 problems

• 你需要支付多少检查费用